{"id":4309,"date":"2018-11-05T01:00:37","date_gmt":"2018-11-04T22:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/?p=4309"},"modified":"2018-11-24T19:32:24","modified_gmt":"2018-11-24T16:32:24","slug":"monitor-kalibrasyon-seviyeleri-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/monitor-kalibrasyon-seviyeleri-1.html","title":{"rendered":"Monit\u00f6r Kalibrasyon Seviyeleri \u00dczerine… (1. B\u00f6l\u00fcm)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131 dizisi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

St\u00fcdyo monit\u00f6rlerinin kalibrasyonu arkas\u0131nda yatan mant\u0131k asl\u0131nda sinema end\u00fcstrisine dayanmaktad\u0131r. Filmlerin st\u00fcdyolarda yap\u0131lan ses miksleri, st\u00fcdyo ve sinema salonlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ses seviyesi farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ama\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi duyulmuyordu. Bu yetmiyormu\u015f gibi ayn\u0131 film baz\u0131 salonlarda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek, baz\u0131lar\u0131nda ise \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ses seviyesi ile oynat\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

Bu tutars\u0131zl\u0131klara son vermek ad\u0131na 1970’lerin ortas\u0131nda sinema ses sistemleri “standart” bir seviyeye g\u00f6re kalibre edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu sayede filmlerin ses mikslerinin b\u00fct\u00fcn sinema salonlar\u0131nda (en az\u0131ndan seviye olarak) miksin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 st\u00fcdyodaki gibi duyulmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Standart seviye i\u00e7in test tonu pink noise; referans sinyal seviyesi 0 VU = +4 dBu; ses bas\u0131n\u00e7 seviyesi de 85 dB SPL (C-Weighting, slow response) olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Pink noise | 0 VU = +4 dB = 85 dBC (slow response)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0130lerleyen tarihlerde dijital sistemler kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda referans sinyali 0 VU = -20 dBFS \u015feklinde kalibre edildi.<\/p>\n

0 VU = -20 dBFS<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Referans Sinyal Seviyesinde Hata!<\/h3>\n

Daha sonra dijital sistemlerde kullan\u0131lan referans seviyesinde bir hata oldu\u011fu fark edildi. Dijitale ge\u00e7erken VU metre sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131 kullan\u0131larak -20 dBFS’e g\u00f6re kalibre edilmi\u015fti. VU metrenin RMS y\u00f6ntemini kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

VU metreler ‘average responding meter’ olarak bilinir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sinyal seviyesini ortalama alarak \u00f6l\u00e7erler. Sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131n\u0131n RMS de\u011feri peak de\u011ferinin 0.707 kat\u0131, ortalama de\u011feri ise peak de\u011ferinin 0.636 kat\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebepten dolay\u0131 olarak pink noise’un RMS de\u011feri ile kalibrasyon i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan sin\u00fcs dalgas\u0131n\u0131n seviyesi birbirini tutmam\u0131\u015f oldu. Sonu\u00e7ta \u00f6nceki standard\u0131n 2 dB yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131!<\/p>\n

Bu durumda -20 dBFS = 83 dB SPL (C-Weighting, slow response) olmu\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tomlinson Holman<\/h3>\n

Ses konusunda sinema sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde en deneyimli ve sayg\u0131n isimlerden biri Tomlinson Holman’d\u0131r. \u015eu anda h\u00e2len Apple’da ‘audio director’ olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Holman, THX’i yaratan ki\u015fi olarak tan\u0131n\u0131r. Holman, THX’i 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda George Lucas’\u0131n \u015firketi Lucasfilm’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Star Wars: Return of the Jedi<\/em> filmi i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. THX ismi Tomlinson Holman’\u0131n isminin ba\u015f harflerinden gelmektedir. ‘X’ de “crossover” ya da “experiment” kelimelerinin temsili i\u00e7in eklenmi\u015ftir. Tabii bu isim ayn\u0131 zamanda George Lucas’\u0131n ilk filmi THX 1138’e de bir g\u00f6ndermedir.<\/p>\n

Holman, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 5.1 Surround System: Up and Running<\/em> adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda referans seviyesini -20 dBFS = 83 dB SPL (C-Weighting, slow response) olarak alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pink noise | -20 dBFS = 83 dBC (slow response)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bob Katz ve K-System<\/h3>\n

Mastering d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n duayen isimlerinden Bob Katz, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda Journal of Audio Engineering Society’de (JAES) yay\u0131mlanan “Integrated Approach to Metering, Monitoring, and Leveling Practices” adl\u0131 makalesinde, yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fim analogdan dijitale ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda referans sinyali seviyesinde yap\u0131lan yanl\u0131\u015fa de\u011finmi\u015f. Katz da Tomlinson Holman gibi referans seviyesini -20 dBFS = 83 dB SPL (C-Weighting, slow response) olarak alm\u0131\u015f ve bir de monit\u00f6r seviye sistemi \u00f6nermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Bob Katz K-System. G\u00f6rsel Katz’\u0131n Digital Domain web sitesinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lgili sayfaya g\u00f6rsele t\u0131klayarak ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bob Katz’\u0131n K-System ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi monit\u00f6r sisteminde K-20 (papa), K-14 (mama) ve K-12 (baby) adlar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 skala bulunuyor. Say\u0131lar, dB cinsinden headroom’a i\u015faret ediyor. K-20 i\u00e7in 20 dB, K-14 i\u00e7in 14 dB, K-12 i\u00e7in ise 12 dB headroom b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. K-System’deki t\u00fcm skalalarda normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma seviyesi (0 dB) her zaman 83 dB SPL’e g\u00f6re ayarlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bunu biraz daha sabit bir \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Dijitalde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve dBFS skalas\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in referans seviyelerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi ele alabiliriz:<\/p>\n

K-20 | -20 dBFS = 83 dBC (slow response)<\/p>\n

K-14 | -14 dBFS = 83 dBC (slow response)<\/p>\n

K-12 | -12 dBFS = 83 dBC (slow response)<\/p>\n

Katz, K-20 skalas\u0131n\u0131 sinema miksleri, klasik m\u00fczik ve geni\u015f dinamik alan gerektiren benzer uygulamalar; K-14 skalas\u0131n\u0131 pop\u00fcler m\u00fczik miksleri; K-12 skalas\u0131n\u0131 ise radyo, televizyon ve benzeri yay\u0131n formatlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131 dizisi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ses bas\u0131n\u00e7 seviyesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri ve A\/C Weighting dengeleri ile ilgili olarak “Ses Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Seviyesi \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri: A-Weighting ve C-Weighting Dengeleri<\/a>” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Monit\u00f6r kalibrasyonu i\u00e7in “St\u00fcdyo Monit\u00f6rleri Nas\u0131l Kalibre Edilir?<\/a>” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Headroom ve seviyeler ile ilgili olarak “Headroom Nedir ve Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/a>” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Teknik terimler i\u00e7in m\u00fczik teknolojisi, m\u00fczik prod\u00fcksiyonu ve ses kay\u0131t terimleri s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne<\/a> g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Benzer payla\u015f\u0131mlar i\u00e7in beni Facebook<\/a> ve Twitter<\/a>‘da takip edebilir, haberler i\u00e7in mesaj listeme \u00fcye olabilirsiniz<\/a>. Te\u015fekk\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131k foto\u011fraf\u0131: Chris Sansbury<\/a> | Pixabay<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a9 2018 Ufuk \u00d6nen. Her hakk\u0131 sakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130zinsiz kullan\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131 dizisi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.   St\u00fcdyo monit\u00f6rlerinin kalibrasyonu arkas\u0131nda yatan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4326,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monitor_Kalibrasyon_Seviyeleri_1.jpg","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p3rjsG-17v","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":4313,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/monitor-kalibrasyon-seviyeleri-3.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":0},"title":"Monit\u00f6r Kalibrasyon Seviyeleri \u00dczerine… (3. B\u00f6l\u00fcm)","date":"November 19, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Bu yaz\u0131 dizisi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \u00a0 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck St\u00fcdyolar, Televizyon ve Video \u0130\u00e7in Kalibrasyon Seviyeleri K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck st\u00fcdyolar ve evler i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan televizyon ve video programlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kalibrasyon seviyeleri biraz daha farkl\u0131. Dinleme yap\u0131lan mek\u00e2nlar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yukar\u0131da belirtilen seviyeler fazla y\u00fcksek\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ses ve M\u00fczik Teknolojileri"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monitor_Kalibrasyon_Seviyeleri_3.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4203,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/ses-seviyesi-a-c-weighting.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":1},"title":"Ses Bas\u0131n\u00e7 Seviyesi \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri: A-Weighting ve C-Weighting Dengeleri","date":"September 24, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Ses ve ses cihazlar\u0131 ile ilgili \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmler yap\u0131l\u0131rken al\u0131nan sonu\u00e7lar genelde insan kula\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hassasiyeti ve insan\u0131n alg\u0131s\u0131 ile uyu\u015fmaz. Bu sebepten dolay\u0131, \u00f6zellikle ses \u015fiddeti ile ilgili \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde, farkl\u0131 frekans dengesi i\u00e7eren metotlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu dengeler 'weighting' olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ses seviyesi (ya da daha do\u011fru bir ifade ile ses bas\u0131n\u00e7\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ses ve M\u00fczik Teknolojileri"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Ses_Basinc_Seviyesi_A-C-Weighting.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4311,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/monitor-kalibrasyon-seviyeleri-2.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":2},"title":"Monit\u00f6r Kalibrasyon Seviyeleri \u00dczerine… (2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm)","date":"November 12, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Bu yaz\u0131 dizisi \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Birinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \u00a0 \u00c7eli\u015fki Yap\u0131lan hatan\u0131n fark edilmesinden sonra -20 dBFS = 83 dBC (ya da -18 dBFS = 85 dBC) olarak kabul edilen ve Tomlinson Holman ile Bob Katz taraf\u0131ndan da bu \u015fekilde oldu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen referans\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ses ve M\u00fczik Teknolojileri"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monitor_Kalibrasyon_Seviyeleri_2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":7446,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/kompresor-mini-rehber.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":3},"title":"Kompres\u00f6r: Mini Rehber","date":"June 27, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Kompres\u00f6r \u00fczerine daha \u00f6nce yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m yaz\u0131lar\u0131 tek bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplay\u0131p bir mini rehber olu\u015fturdum. Linkleri ve a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya ekliyorum. Kompres\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi, \u00fczerindeki parametrelerin i\u015flevleri gibi temel bilgileri Ses Kay\u0131t ve M\u00fczik Teknolojileri adl\u0131 kitab\u0131mda bulabilirsiniz. \u0130yi okumalar! Kompres\u00f6r Attack S\u00fcresinin Sese Etkisini G\u00f6rselle\u015ftirecek Olursak\u2026 Attack s\u00fcresi, kompres\u00f6r \u00fczerindeki\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "M\u00fczik Prod\u00fcksiyonu"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Kompresor_Mini_Rehber_00_Header.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4219,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/studyo-monitorleri-nasil-kalibre-edilir.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":4},"title":"St\u00fcdyo Monit\u00f6rleri Nas\u0131l Kalibre Edilir?","date":"October 1, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Bu yaz\u0131mda st\u00fcdyo monit\u00f6rlerinizin kalibrasyonunu kolayca nas\u0131l yapabilece\u011finizi anlatmak istiyorum. Uygulamaya ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce teorik bilgilere ve ihtiya\u00e7 duyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z donan\u0131m ve yaz\u0131l\u0131mlara bir g\u00f6z atal\u0131m. \u00a0 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma seviyesi Analog cihazlar zamanlar\u0131nda normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma seviyesi 0 VU idi. Tabii profesyonel cihazlardaki 0 VU ile yar\u0131-profesyonel ve ev tipi cihazlardaki 0 VU voltaj\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ses ve M\u00fczik Teknolojileri"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Studyo_Monitorleri_Kalibrasyon.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":5096,"url":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/foley-filmler-icin-ses-efektleri.html","url_meta":{"origin":4309,"position":5},"title":"Foley: S\u0131radan Objelerle Filmler \u0130\u00e7in Ses Efektleri Yapma Sanat\u0131","date":"October 7, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Ayak sesleri, \u00e7e\u015fitli objelerin masaya veya yere konuldu\u011funda \u00e7\u0131kartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sesler, sandalye g\u0131c\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131, ka\u011f\u0131t h\u0131\u015f\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnd\u00fck\u00e7e giysilerden \u00e7\u0131kan sesler, k\u0131saca film \u00e7ekimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kaydedilemeyen veya kaydedilmi\u015f olsa bile kalite olarak yeterli bulunmayan t\u00fcm bu sesler post prod\u00fcksiyon a\u015famas\u0131nda st\u00fcdyoda tekrar kaydedilip g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye eklenir. Bu tekni\u011fe foley ad\u0131 verilir. Foley ad\u0131 Hollywood\u2019da\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Ses Tasar\u0131m\u0131"","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/Foley_1280x720_processed_compressed.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4309"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4309"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4309\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4378,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4309\/revisions\/4378"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ufukonen.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}